PID

PID, or Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, is an infection of the female reproductive organs, primarily affecting the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is typically caused by bacterial infections, most commonly sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, though other bacteria can also be responsible. The symptoms of PID can vary in severity and may include pelvic pain or tenderness, abnormal vaginal discharge that may have an unpleasant odor, painful urination, irregular menstrual bleeding, fever, and fatigue. Some women with PID may experience no symptoms at all, which can delay diagnosis and treatment.

Causes

PID develops when bacteria from the vagina or cervix travel upward into the reproductive organs. Factors that increase the risk of developing PID include having multiple sexual partners, a history of STIs, unprotected sex, and douching. The risk is also higher following procedures such as childbirth, abortion, or insertion of intrauterine devices (IUDs).

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosing PID involves a combination of medical history, pelvic examination, and sometimes laboratory tests such as blood tests or vaginal swabs to identify the bacteria causing the infection. Imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan may be used to assess the extent of the infection.

Treatment for PID typically involves antibiotics to eliminate the bacterial infection. Depending on the severity of the infection and the presence of complications, hospitalization may be necessary. It’s important to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve, to ensure the infection is fully eradicated.

Complications

Untreated or recurrent PID can lead to serious complications such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility due to damage to the fallopian tubes or other reproductive organs, and an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy outside the uterus).